Jamison resigned from NASA in March of 1993. From 1995-2002 she was a professor of Environmental Studies at Dartmouth College, and is currently a Professor-At-Large at Cornell University. In 1993 Jemison founded her own company, the Jemison Group that researches, markets, and develops science and technology for daily life. One of the projects of Jemison's foundation is The Earth We Share (TEWS), an international science camp where students, ages 12 to 16, work to solve current global problems.

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In 1999, Jemison founded BioSentient Corp and has been working to develop a portable device that allows mobile monitoring of the involuntary nervous system. BioSentient is examining AFTE (Autogenic Feedback Training Exercise) as a treatment for anxiety, nausea, migraine and tension headaches, chronic pain, hypertension and hypotension, and stress-related disorders.

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Jemison is an active public speaker who appears before private and public groups promoting science and technology as well as providing an inspirational and educational message for young people. Jemison participated with First Lady Michelle Obama in a forum for promising girls in the Washington D.C.  public schools in March 2009.